What is the Internet?
The Internet is a global network connecting millions of computers together. It is a collection of networks that span many countries around the world. Computers use data transmission over cables to communicate with each other.
The Internet was first created back in 1969 at Stanford Research Institute in California. It started out small but now has grown exponentially over the last forty years to become what it is today. In 1989, the National Science Foundation funded the creation of the NSFNET which connected academic institutions and research labs.
In 1991, the first commercial internet service provider was established between the University of California-Los Angeles and Stanford Research Institute. In 1994, the first website was created and in 1995, the first email was sent.
Today, the Internet is widely used worldwide. If we were to take a step back even further, we would find that people have been sharing information via different forms of communication since the beginning of time.
The Internet has evolved into something that is much easier to use and reliable. You don’t need a traditional computer or special hardware to surf the web anymore. All you need is a wireless connection and the latest version of Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox, or Microsoft Edge.
World Wide Web
The web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet using a standardized language known as Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). A web page consists of text, images, links, multimedia content, and sometimes interactive forms. HTML provides basic formatting commands for web pages, including headings, paragraphs, lists, blockquotes, preformatted text, tables, frames, and anchors.
Most websites use HTML along with additional markup languages such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), Extensible Markup Language (XML), JavaScript, and others. Websites may also make extensive use of server-side scripting languages such as PHP, ASP, CGI, JSP, Cold Fusion, Ruby, Python, Perl, TCL, Java, and Lisp.
Mobile Phones
Mobile phones have become ubiquitous since they were first introduced. Currently, there are over seven billion mobile phone subscriptions worldwide. Smartphones combine the functionality of a personal computer with mobile device capabilities.
Email is a method of exchanging digital messages electronically. Messages are exchanged between users’ email accounts over electronic mail servers operated by organizations such as Microsoft Corporation, Yahoo!, Google, and Apple Inc.
Emails are composed using a specialized format called Extended Markup Language (XHTML). Email clients display emails in plain text format. Email addresses are written in the form info@technicalsourav.com.
Social Media
Social media is a term used to describe online platforms where people share ideas, news, pictures, videos, music, and other kinds of media. Social networking sites allow individuals to create profiles, connect with friends, and upload and view media.
Popular social networking services include Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, Snapchat, Pinterest, LinkedIn, Tumblr, Reddit, and Foursquare.
Search Engines
A search engine is a tool designed to help users find information stored on a computer network. There are two types of search engines: crawlers and indexes. Crawlers are programs that go out onto the Internet and collect information about websites.
An index is a database of keywords and their associated URLs. When a user enters a keyword into a search box, the search engine looks up the URL list and displays the results. Google is the most popular search engine in the world.
Before the advent of the Internet, people had been sharing information via different forms of communication since the beginning of time. Let’s try to explore how people have shared their messages with others.
Sending letters
Letters have been around since ancient times. People could send letters to each other using different methods including sending them via birds & animals, posting them on trees, or even putting them in rocks. When the post office was invented, people could send letters faster than ever before but they still faced some problems, including not being able to get their letter right away unless they sent it to the same place twice.
Postal services
When the postal service was introduced, things changed dramatically. Now we could write letters to anyone who lived anywhere, regardless of where they were located. However, this came with some disadvantages. Since the postman had to travel long distances to deliver mail, he often got lost, leading to delays in delivering our mail. So, if you wanted to communicate with someone instantly, you would need to either wait until the postman delivered it or pay for a courier service.
Telegraph
In 1835, Samuel Morse sent the first telegram across the United States. He did this by having an operator type his message onto a keyboard, press transmit, and then connect a receiving device to print out the message. This invention proved to be successful and led to many others developing their own ways to send messages instantly. By World War I, radio became popular and people began broadcasting live news instead of sending just letters.
Telephone
Nowadays, telephone calls are free and instantaneous. While talking on the phone may seem like a quick and convenient method of communicating, it actually isn’t. First, there are phones everywhere which means that nobody can guarantee that they’ll pick up. Second, there is no real privacy because anybody listening to your conversation could easily overhear it.
There are some major points that you may have to know about the internet.
- The Internet is a network of networks.
- The Internet is composed of billions of computers connected together across thousands of local-area networks.
- A web server stores information and makes it accessible via the World Wide Web (WWW).
- HTML documents are generally formatted using Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
- CSS provides formatting instructions for how a document should appear.
- DNS is managed by ICANN, an organization funded by the U.S. government that helps manage the Internet.
- The WWW uses hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) to retrieve pages of text written using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).
- You navigate around the internet using a web browser such as Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.
- In 1994, Tim Berners Lee created www.w3.org and laid out his vision for the future of the Internet.
- When a user clicks on a link, they open a new page, similar to how you open a new tab in a browser.
- The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees standards for web browsers and websites.
- Since the web is built upon HTTP, the Internet runs on TCP/IP protocols.
- The Internet was originally developed as a research tool to share ideas between scientists.
- The domain name system (DNS) maps human-friendly website names to their IP addresses.
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